Rank Structure of the Scottish Clans
- Chief: The chief is the head of the clan and holds the dual heritage of ‘Duthcas’ (the right of a Clan member to settle in Clan territory and find protection) and ‘Dighreachd’ (the individual Chief’s heritage and ownership of the lands). The Chief’s succession is determined by the system of ‘Tanistry’, which involves choosing an heir from a group of individuals with hereditary claims. The chief is also the lawful representative of the clan community and serves as the head of the clan.
- Tanist: The Tanist is the chosen heir to the chief and is second in command to the chief. The Tanist is chosen by the chief from a group of individuals with hereditary claims. The Tanist is regarded as the person most suited to succession and takes full responsibility for the clan during the chief’s absence.
- Chieftains: Chieftains are the heads of the individual houses that make up the clan. They are the leaders of their own branches of the clan and are responsible for the well-being of their own families and followers.
- Toiseach: The Toiseach is the eldest Chieftain. He is considered to be the most senior member of the clan and is often the one who becomes the Tanist.
- Captain of the Clan: The Captain of the Clan is selected from any of the above ranks. The captain is responsible for leading the clan in times of war and is usually the most experienced and skilled warrior among the clan.
- Daoin-Uaisle: The Daoin-Uaisle, also known as the gentlemen of the clan, are the members of the clan who hold some level of prestige or influence. They are often wealthy landowners, respected warriors, or members of the chief’s family.
- Main body of the clan: The main body of the clan is made up of the general population of the clan. They are the everyday members of the clan who rely on the chief and the other leaders for protection and guidance.