Johnnie Armstrong: The Infamous Border Reiver of Scotland

Johnnie Armstrong was a notorious figure in Scottish history, known for his daring exploits as a Border reiver. Born in the 16th century, Armstrong was said to be a brother of the Laird of Mangerton, chief of the Armstrong clan, and he built his stronghold at Gilnockie Tower, near the town of Langholm in the county of Dumfries. From there, he terrorized the surrounding area and levied black-mail or protection money from many miles around his tower.

As a Border reiver, Armstrong was feared and respected by many. He was the epitome of the lawless individuals who lived and operated in the border regions between Scotland and England, and his reputation for daring raids, cattle rustling, and acts of violence and terror was well known. He was a charismatic leader and at the head of a band of followers who were devoted to him, and his name was known as far as Newcastle.

However, Armstrong’s exploits did not go unnoticed. King James V. was determined to put an end to the lawlessness in the Border regions and in 1529, he led an expedition through the Border counties with the aim of suppressing the turbulent spirit of the moss-troopers and others. Many of the leaders, including Armstrong, were captured and executed without mercy.

Despite his criminal activities, Armstrong was not without his virtues. He never molested any of his own countrymen and committed his depredations mainly on the English. Furthermore, he was a bold and daring leader who was not afraid to stand up for what he believed in. In fact, when he appeared before King James, he haughtily exclaimed, “It is folly to seek grace at a graceless face, but if I had known this I would have lived upon the Borders in despite both of you and King Harry, for I know King Harry would down-weigh my best horse with gold to know that I am condemned to die this day.”

The death of Johnnie Armstrong marked the end of an era in Scottish history, but his legend lived on. Today, his name is still remembered and celebrated in Scotland, and his story serves as a testament to the daring and fearless spirit of the Border reivers. If you ever find yourself in the Langholm area, be sure to visit the Gilnockie Tower, the once-stronghold of the infamous Border marauder.

Johnnie Armstrong was a complex figure, both notorious and revered, who left his mark on Scottish history. His daring exploits and legendary reputation continue to capture the imagination of people to this day, and his story is a reminder of the turbulent and exciting times that characterized the Border regions of Scotland.